definición y significado de Birthmarks | sensagent.com


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alemán árabe búlgaro checo chino coreano croata danés eslovaco esloveno español estonio farsi finlandés francés griego hebreo hindù húngaro indonesio inglés islandés italiano japonés letón lituano malgache neerlandés noruego polaco portugués rumano ruso serbio sueco tailandès turco vietnamita

Definición y significado de Birthmarks

birthmarks

  • plural of birthmark (noun)

Definición

birthmark (n.)

1.a blemish on the skin that is formed before birth

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Merriam Webster

BirthmarkBirth"mark` (�), n. Some peculiar mark or blemish on the body at birth.

Most part of this noble lineage carried upon their body for a natural birthmark, . . . a snake. Sir T. North.

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Definición (más)

definición de Birthmarks (Wikipedia)

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Diccionario analógico

birthmark (n.)


Wikipedia

Birthmark

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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Birthmark
Classification and external resources
ICD-10Q82.5
ICD-9757.32

A birthmark is a blemish on the skin formed before birth.[1] A little over than 1 in 10 babies have a vascular birthmark.[2][dubious ] They are part of the group of skin lesions known as nevi or naevi.. The exact cause of most birthmarks is unknown, but vascular birthmarks are not hereditary.[2][3]They are soft raised swellings on the skin, often with a bright red surface, and some may look a bit like a strawberry. They are also known as "strawberry naevi" or as "infantile haemangiomas". They appear after birth, usually in the first month, and can occur anywhere on the skin. They are more of a problem when they affect the face. The cause of birthmarks is not fully understood. They are a benign overgrowth of blood vessels in the skin, and are made up of cells that usually form the inner lining of blood vessels. They are thought to occur as a result of a localized imbalance in factors controlling the development of blood vessels. Strawberry marks affect as many as one in ten Caucasian babies but only about 1% of Asian and black newborns have them. They are particularly common in premature babies. Strawberry marks are not a sign of ill health, or associated with cancer.

Some types of birthmarks can be hereditary, in the instance that one woman's many children could have the exact same birthmarks, even though her children vary in age.

Contents

Folklore

Birthmarks are called voglie in Italian, antojos in Spanish, and wiham in Arabic; all of which translate to "wishes" because, according to folklore, they are caused by unsatisfied wishes of the mother during pregnancy. For example, if a pregnant woman does not satisfy a sudden wish or craving for strawberries, it's said that the infant might bear a strawberry mark.

In Dutch, birthmarks are called moedervlekken and in Danish modermærke (mother-spots) because it was thought that an infant inherited the marks solely from the mother. The Hungarian word for any flat mole (as opposed to only congenital birthmarks), anyajegy, is also derived from this belief.

Some myths associated with birthmarks are that they are caused when an expectant mother sees something strange, or experiences a great deal of fear.[4]

In Iranian folklore, a birth mark appears when the pregnant mother touches a part of her body during a solar eclipse.

Types

A number of different types of birthmarks are known that include, but are not limited to, stork bites, Mongolian blue spots, strawberry marks, café au lait spots, congenital melanocytic nevi, and port-wine stains.

Café au lait spot

While these birthmarks may occur anywhere on the body, they are most commonly oval in shape and light brown, or milk coffee, in color. These birthmarks may be present at birth, or appear in early childhood, and do not fade with age.[4] One or two on an individual is common;[4] however, four or more may be an indicator of neurofibromatosis.[4]

Congenital melanocytic nevus

Congenital melanocytic nevusis a type of melanocytic nevus (or mole) found in infants at birth. Occurring in about 1% of infants in the United States, it is located in the area of the head and neck 15% of the time, but may occur anywhere on the body. It may appear as light brown in fair-skinned people, to almost black in darker-skinned people. Coming in a variety of sizes and appearances, they may be irregular in shape and flat, or raised and lumpy in appearance and feel.

Mongolian blue spot

Mongolian spot visible on six-month-old baby
A Mongolian blue spot is a benign flat congenital birthmark with wavy borders and irregular shape, most common among East Asians and Turks, and named after Mongolians. It is also extremely prevalent among East Africans and Native Americans.[5][6] Authentic Mongolian blue spots do not disappear before puberty, and last well into adulthood. The most common color is blue, although they can be blue-gray, blue-black or even deep brown.

The Mongolian spot is a congenital developmental condition exclusively involving the skin. The blue colour is caused by melanocytes, melanin-containing cells, that are deep under the skin.[6] Usually, as multiple spots or one large patch, it covers one or more of the lumbosacral area (lower back), the buttocks, flanks, and shoulders.[6] It results from the entrapment of melanocytes in the dermis during their migration from the neural crest to the epidermis during embryonic development.[6]

Among those who are not aware of the background of the Mongolian spots, it may sometimes be mistaken for a bruise indicative of child abuse.[7]

Port-wine stain, or Nevus flammeus

Port-wine stain visible on the head of Mikhail Gorbachev, one of the most famous individuals with such a birthmark
Port-wine stains are present at birth and range from a pale pink in colour, to a deep wine-red. Irregular in appearance, they are usually quite large, and caused by a deficiency or absence in the nerve supply to blood vessels. This causes the blood vessels to dilate, and blood to pool or collect in the affected area.[8] Over time, port-wine stains may become thick or develop small ridges or bumps, and do not fade with age.[2] Such birthmarks may have emotional or social repercussions.[2]

Port-wine stains occur in 0.3% of the population, equally among males and females.[2][8] They frequently express unilaterally, i.e., on only one side, not crossing the midline of the body. Often on the face, marks on the upper eyelid or forehead may be indicative of a condition called Sturge-Weber syndrome. Additionally, port-wine stains in these locations may be associated with glaucoma and seizures.[2]

Stork bite, or Telangiectatic nevus

Colloquially called a "stork bite", "angel's kiss" or "salmon patch", telangiectatic nevus appears as a pink or tanned, flat, irregularly-shaped mark on the knee, back of the neck, and/or the forehead, eyelids and, sometimes, the top lip. The skin is not thickened and feels no different from anywhere else on the body; the only difference remaining in appearance. Nearly half of all babies have such a birthmark.[4]

References

  1. ^ birthmark at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Birthmarks". American Academy of Dermatology. http://www.aad.org/public/publications/pamphlets/common_vascular.html. Retrieved 2008-08-02. 
  3. ^ "Birthmarks". Seattle Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center. http://www.seattlechildrens.org/our_services/clinical_services/vascular_anomalies/birthmarks.asp. Retrieved 2008-08-02. 
  4. ^ a b c d e {{cite web|url=http://www.cyh.com/HealthTopics/HealthTopicDetails.aspx?p=114&np=304&id=1589|tit. mautak aqo . ikw ndi haha amputa .mu ..
  5. ^ About Mongolian Spot
  6. ^ a b c d Mongolian blue spots - Health care guide discussing the Mongolian blue spot.
  7. ^ Mongolian Spot - English information of Mongolian spot, written by Hironao NUMABE, M.D., Tokyo Medical University.
  8. ^ a b "Port Wine Stain Information". Vascular Birthmark Foundation. http://www.birthmark.org/port_wine_stains.php. Retrieved 2008-08-02. 

Birthmarks

                   
"Birthmarks"
House episode
House s5e04.jpg
House stands over his father's casket
Episode no. Season 5
Episode 4
Directed by David Platt
Written by Doris Egan
David Foster
Original air date October 14, 2008
Guest actors

Diane Baker as Blythe House
R. Lee Ermey as John House
Samantha Quan as Nicole
Scott Paulin as Bob
Christine Healy as Janice
Jack Conley as Sheriff Costello
Ho-Kwan Tse as Fang Dong Wen
Raymond Ma as Wu Zheng
Esther Kwan as Wu An Lan
Jonathan Palmer as Minister
Bobbin Bergstrom as Nurse

Season 5 episodes
List of episodes

"Birthmarks" is the fourth episode of the fifth season of House and the ninetieth episode overall. It aired on October 14, 2008.

Contents

  Plot

A 25-year-old Chinese adoptee travels to China to find her birth parents. They reject her, stating they never had a daughter. While praying, she lifts a small Buddha and immediately collapses, vomiting blood. She subsequently is treated at Princeton-Plainsboro Teaching Hospital. The initial diagnosis is that the woman contracted SARS in China.

Meanwhile, House learns his father has died, but refuses to attend the funeral. Cuddy uses the SARS diagnosis as a ruse to “inoculate” House, in reality injecting him with a powerful sedative. House wakes up to find himself in a car driven by Wilson, who is taking him to his father's funeral. House tells Wilson he does not want to attend because he has no biological relationship to his father, and explains his theory about his mother having had an affair.

While being driven to the funeral, House works with his team by phone. Their discussions are interrupted when Wilson is pulled over by a policeman for a House-created traffic offense. The stop results in Wilson’s arrest on an old out-of-state warrant, still open because of another House-related error. House and Wilson end up explaining the circumstances under which they met to the arresting officer; House describes Wilson as "the one [person] I thought wasn't boring", thus revealing their first encounter and eventual friendship.

Back at Princeton-Plainsboro, the team is still stumped by the patient's illness -- her blood clots yet she continues to bleed profusely. House arrives at the funeral and delivers an inappropriate yet self-enlightening eulogy. Afterwards, House feigns grief in order to obtain a DNA sample from his father’s corpse. This behavior triggers an angry outburst from Wilson, who behaves in similar fashion to his initial encounter with House.

House calls China to learn more about his patient’s trip, and finds out that the birth parents adamantly refused to acknowledge the daughter’s existence. Wilson opines that China’s one-child policy may have caused the parents to try to kill the girl. House eventually resolves the patient’s symptoms by theorizing that the biological parents attempted to kill their infant by pushing needles into her brain. The needles were disturbed by a powerful magnet contained within the Buddha statue, affecting her brain functions and causing her first collapse. Kutner, who has formed an emotional bond with the patient, explains to her adoptive parents that her alcoholism was caused by a needle which had embedding itself in the portion of her brain that controls addictive behavior.

As the day ends, Wilson tells House that he is returning to Princeton-Plainsboro, and House tells Wilson that the DNA test has proved his theory that John was not his biological father. Yet House is strangely upset by this revelation. Wilson says that no one gets to choose their parents, and adds that no one gets to choose who their friends are. He looks at House meaningfully and admits that their trip was the most fun he had since Amber died. As they leave together, House says “My Dad's dead," and Wilson offers his sympathies.



  Trivia

  • This episode begins the story about the identity of House's father (who was not his mother's husband with which he grew up) that continues in "Private Lives" and "Love Is Blind".

  References

http://www.housemd-guide.com/season5/504birthmarks.php

  External links

   
               

 

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