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refining
refining (n.)
1.the process of removing impurities (as from oil or metals or sugar etc.)
refine (v. trans.)
1.make more complex, intricate, or richer"refine a design or pattern"
2.make more precise or increase the discriminatory powers of"refine a method of analysis" "refine the constant in the equation"
3.attenuate or reduce in vigor, strength, or validity by polishing or purifying"many valuable nutrients are refined out of the foods in our modern diet"
4.improve or perfect by pruning or polishing"refine one's style of writing"
5.reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; separate from extraneous matter or cleanse from impurities"refine sugar"
6.treat or prepare so as to put in a usable condition"refine paper stock" "refine pig iron" "refine oil"
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Merriam Webster
RefineRe*fine" (r?*f?n"), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Refined (-find"); p. pr. & vb. n. Refining.] [Pref. re- + fine to make fine: cf. F. raffiner.]
1. To reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; to free from impurities; to free from dross or alloy; to separate from extraneous matter; to purify; to defecate; as, to refine gold or silver; to refine iron; to refine wine or sugar.
I will bring the third part through the fire, and will refine them as silver is refined. Zech. xiii. 9.
2. To purify from what is gross, coarse, vulgar, inelegant, low, and the like; to make elegant or exellent; to polish; as, to refine the manners, the language, the style, the taste, the intellect, or the moral feelings.
Love refines
The thoughts, and heart enlarges. Milton.
Syn. -- To purify; clarify; polish; ennoble.
RefineRe*fine", v. i.
1. To become pure; to be cleared of feculent matter.
So the pure, limpid stream, when foul with stains,
Works itself clear, and, as it runs, refines. Addison.
2. To improve in accuracy, delicacy, or excellence.
Chaucer refined on Boccace, and mended his stories. Dryden.
But let a lord once own the happy lines,
How the wit brightens! How the style refines! Pope.
3. To affect nicety or subtilty in thought or language. “He makes another paragraph about our refining in controversy.” Atterbury.
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⇨ definición de refining (Wikipedia)
refining (n.)
refine (v. trans.)
ameliorate, boost, bring to perfection, chasten, civilise, civilize, clarify, clean, cleanse, complicate, cultivate, disinfect, distil, down, elaborate, elevate, enhance, ennoble, filter, fine-tune, improve, make perfect, perfect, polish, polish up, process, purge, purify, rarefy, rarify, rectify, sieve, sift, smooth, strain, touch up, tune up, upgrade
Ver también
⇨ American Sugar Refining Company • Ashland Refining Company • Azawia Oil Refining Company • Colonial Sugar Refining Company • Colonial Sugar Refining Company (Fiji) • Commonwealth Oil Refining Company, Inc. • Diamond Shamrock Refining and Marketing Company • Eddy Refining Company • Edmonton Oil Refining Centre • Eldorado Mining and Refining Limited • Houston Refining • Humble Oil and Refining Company • Hunt Refining Company • Indian Refining Company • Liberia Petroleum Refining Company Oilers • Montreal Oil Refining Centre • National Iranian Oil Refining and Distribution Company • North Atlantic Refining • Panama Refining Co. v. Ryan • Precious metals refining • Refining (metallurgy) • Refining Fires • Refining centers • Saudi Refining • Tanzanian and Italian Petroleum Refining Company Limited • Turnaround (refining) • U.S. Oil and Refining • United Refining Company • Vegetable oil refining • Western Refining • Zinc refining
refining (n.)
upgrading; enrichment; refining; refinement; purification[ClasseHyper.]
traitement d'un minerai (fr)[ClasseParExt.]
opération métallurgique (fr)[DomainRegistre]
opération de raffinage (fr)[DomainRegistre]
opération de fabrication du verre (fr)[DomaineCollocation]
réaction nucléaire (fr)[DomaineCollocation]
opération relative à l'énergie nucléaire (fr)[DomainRegistre]
élément radioactif (fr)[DomaineCollocation]
enrichir (fr)[Nominalisation]
processing[Hyper.]
rectify, refine[Nominalisation]
refine - distill, make pure, purify, sublimate[Dérivé]
refine (v. tr.)
refine (v. tr.)
alter, change, modify[Hyper.]
refine (v. tr.)
attenuate[Hyper.]
refine (v. tr.)
refine (v. tr.)
raffiner (fr)[Classe]
purifier (fr)[Classe...]
fabrication du verre (fr)[termes liés]
métallurgie (fr)[DomainRegistre]
refine (v. tr.)
Wikipedia - ver también
Wikipedia
This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2009) |
Refining (also called affining) is the process of purification of a (1) substance or a (2) form. The term is usually used of a natural resource that is almost in a usable form, but which is more useful in its pure form. For instance, most types of natural petroleum will burn straight from the ground, but it will burn poorly and quickly clog an engine with residues and by-products. The term is broad, and may include more drastic transformations, such as the reduction of ore to metal (for which see Refining (metallurgy)).
The refining of liquids is often accomplished by distillation or fractionation. Gases can be refined in this way as well, by being cooled and/or compressed until they liquefy. Gases and liquids can also be refined by extraction with a selective solvent that dissolves away either the substance of interest, or the unwanted impurities.
Many solids can be refined by growing crystals in a solution of the impure material; the regular structure of the crystal tends to favor the desired material and exclude other kinds of particles.
Chemical reactions are often used to remove impurities of particular types.
The use of silicon and other semiconductors in electronics depends on precise control of impurities. The zone melting process developed by William Gardner Pfann was used to produce pure germanium, and subsequently float-zone silicon became available when Henry Theuerer of Bell Labs adapted Pfann's method to silicon.
Types of materials that are usually refined:
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